Pneumatic Conveying of Activated Carbon, Sorbents, and Limestone for FGD and Pollution Control

Fox Venturi Eductors for Activated Carbon Injection (ACI) for Mercury-Reduction and Hg-Capture

Hundreds of Fox Eductor and Blower Systems are now installed at power plants as the preferred solution for 24/7 reliable pneumatic conveying and subsequent injection of PAC into stacks, ducts, boilers, and kilns:

  • Distances up to 1,000 ft.
  • Rates up to 20,000 lb/hr
  • Line splits to 4, 8, 16 (or more) injection lances, nozzles
Fox Activated Carbon Injection System Sketch
Fox Venturi Eductor injecting sorbent from a screw feeder into a hot flue gas duct
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Materials of Construction

With hundreds of ACI eductors in the field since the 1980’s, extensive feedback from customers and site visits have enabled Fox Valve to extensively modify our activated carbon eductor designs to enhance longevity and performance.

Brominated PAC: Fox has extensive experience with the simultaneous corrosive and erosive effects of brominated PAC.

Some of the many available materials of construction:

  • Heat-Treated Carbon Steel
  • 304 Stainless Steel with Replaceable Ceramic Liner
  • 304 Stainless Steel with Replaceable SiNi Liner
  • Hastelloy Housing with Replaceable Ceramic Liner
Fox Solids Conveying Eductors
Fox Venturi Eductors are used to eliminate rotary valves for reliable, 24/7 conveying.
Fox Ceramic Lined Eductor
Fox Solids Conveying Eductors are available with replaceable ceramic liners for abrasion resistance

Fox Venturi Eductors for FGD/Flue Gas Desulfurization—Limestone, Trona, Calcium Carbonate Injection—for NOx and SOx Reduction

Since 1978, Fox Eductor + Blower Systems have been used to convey limestone, Trona, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, etc. into stacks and ducts for 24/7 reliable mitigation of NOx and SOx.

  • Distances up to 1,000 ft.
  • Line splits to 4, 8, 16 (or more) injection lances, nozzles
  • Rates up to 20,000 lb/hr

Injecting Sorbents for FGD (Flue Gas Desulfurization) into Fluidized Beds and Boilers with Fox Eductors

Since 1978, Fox eductors have been used to inject sorbents into fluidized bed boilers to capture SOx, creating synthetic gypsum or other byproducts that fall out the bottom of the fluid bed boilers.With pressures in the bed up to 2 to 3 psig, using rotary airlocks against this high backpressure almost certainly creates a blowback, fugitive dust, and eventually an airlock failure/reliability problem.

Fox eductors have been used with many, many different types of sorbents, including hydrated lime – a notoriously difficult material to handle and convey.

Fox Additive Injection Eductor
This schematic shows a typical Fox additive injection system, with a small Rotron blower running at 2­-3 psig driving an eductor

Conveying Hydrated Lime w/ Fox Eductors

Although by no means perfect in this application, Fox eductors have proven to be an excellent solution to a very difficult problem. Most customers procure two stainless eductors, keeping one in an acid bath or furnace to dissolve or bake off the inevitable build-up within the eductor when conveying hydrated lime.

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Case Study #52 – Convey Hydrated Lime in FGD

Fox Venturi Eductor Flow Splitter
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